📋 Video Summary

🎯 Overview

This 2025 TYT Türkçe review video by Emek TAŞTAN provides a comprehensive overview of essential topics for the TYT Türkçe exam, aiming to help viewers achieve a score of 35+ net. The video covers key areas like sound events, spelling, punctuation, word meaning, sentence meaning, and paragraphs, offering practical tips, examples, and insights.

📌 Main Topic

A comprehensive review of the TYT Türkçe exam topics, covering key areas to help viewers improve their score.

🔑 Key Points

• 1. Ünsüz Yumuşaması (Consonant Softening) [0:01:04]

When a word ending in "p, ç, t, k" takes a vowel-starting suffix, the last letter changes to "b, c, d, ğ/g".

Exceptions include one-syllable Turkish words, foreign-origin words, and proper nouns. Example: "Soğuk" (cold) becomes "soğuğa" (to the cold), where the "k" becomes "ğ".

• 2. Ünsüz Sertleşmesi (Consonant Hardening) [0:07:43]

When a word ending in "f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p" takes a "c, d, g" starting suffix, these letters change to "ç, t, k".

Example: "Sınıf" (class) becomes "sınıfta" (in the class), where the "f" becomes "t". Exceptions include words ending with the "-gil" suffix and numbers.

• 3. Ünsüz Düşmesi (Consonant Dropping) [0:12:23]

When a word ending in "k" takes a "cık" or "cik" suffix, the "k" drops.

When a word ending in "k" receives the "l" suffix, the "k" drops. When the "iş" suffix is followed by the "cık" suffix, the "ş" drops. Example: "Sıcak" (hot) becomes "sıcacık" (very hot), where the "k" drops.

• 4. Ünlü Düşmesi (Vowel Dropping/Hece Düşmesi) [0:16:46]

When a two-syllable word takes a vowel-starting suffix, the last vowel drops.

When a word takes a suffix to form a new word, a vowel may drop. When a name combines with a helping verb, a vowel may drop. Example: "Şehir" (city) becomes "şehre" (to the city), where the "i" drops.

• 5. Ünlü Türemesi (Vowel Creation) [0:22:02]

When a diminutive suffix is added to a one-syllable word.

In some emphatic words. Example: "Dar" (narrow) becomes "daracık" (very narrow), where an "a" is added.

• 6. Kaynaştırma (Joining Consonant) [0:22:59]

A joining consonant (y, ş, n, s) is used between two vowels in a word or when adding a suffix to a word ending in a vowel.

Example: "Kapı" (door) becomes "kapıya" (to the door), where a "y" is added.

• 7. Ünlü Daralması (Vowel Narrowing) [0:26:38]

When the present continuous tense suffix "-yor" is added to a verb ending in "a" or "e", the vowel changes.

Example: "Söyle" (to say) becomes "söylüyor" (is saying), where the "e" becomes "ü".

• 8. Ünlü Değişmesi (Vowel Change) [0:30:04]

The first- and second-person singular pronouns ("ben" and "sen") change their vowels when they take the dative case suffix ("-e" or "-a").

Example: "Ben" (I) becomes "bana" (to me).

• 9. Dudak Ünsüzü Benzeşmesi (Lip Consonant Assimilation) [0:31:09]

The "n" sound changes to "m" before the "b" sound.

Example: "Çember" (circle) instead of "çenber".

• 10.Ünsüz Türemesi (Consonant Creation/İkizleşme) [0:32:04]

When a word of Arabic or Persian origin ending in a consonant takes a vowel-starting suffix or a vowel-starting auxiliary verb.

Example: "Hak" (right) becomes "hakkım" (my right), where a "k" is added.

• 11.Ses Göçüşmesi (Sound Migration) [0:33:59]

The shifting of sounds within a word.

Example: "Kirpi" (hedgehog) becomes "kipri".

• 12.Ulama (Linking) [0:34:58]

When a word ends in a consonant and the next word starts with a vowel, they are pronounced together.

• 13.Bağlaç Olan "Ki" (Conjunction "Ki") [0:37:43]

Separated from the previous word.

Used to connect clauses. Test: Add "ler" after "ki". If it makes sense, it's a conjunction. Exception: Certain words like "belki", "çünkü", "halbuki" are written together.

• 14.İlgi Zamiri Olan "Ki" (Relative Pronoun "Ki") [0:40:50]

Connected to the word.

Replaces a noun. Example: "Onunki" (his/hers).

• 15.Sıfat Yapan "Ki" (Adjective-Making "Ki") [0:40:50]

Connected to the word.

Forms an adjective. Example: "Akşamki" (the one of the evening).

• 16.Bağlaç Olan "De" (Conjunction "De") [0:44:42]

Separated from the previous word.

The "da" or "de" is a conjunction, not an element of the word. Test: Remove the "da" or "de" and see if the sentence still makes sense.

• 17.Soru Eki (Question Particle) [0:51:26]

"Mı/Mi/Mu/Mü" is always written separately.

Suffixes are attached to it. Example: "Geliyor musun?" (Are you coming?)

• 18.İkilemeler (Reduplications) [0:52:49]

Words are repeated.

Always written separately. Include "m" added to the second word. Examples: "Ağır ağır" (slowly), "Çocuk mocuk" (child and others).

• 19.Pekiştirmeli Sözler (Intensifiers) [0:56:05]

Used to emphasize an adjective or adverb.

Always written together. Example: "Sapa sağlam" (very strong).

• 20.Kısaltmalar (Abbreviations) [0:59:02]

Use of first letters, some of the last letters, or a new word to shorten words.

Abbreviations that use capital letters do not take a period except "TC" (Turkey) and "T" (Turkish). Abbreviations that use lowercase letters take the ek based on the pronunciation of the word.

• 21.Birleşik Kelimeler (Compound Words) [1:02:01]

Rules depend on whether there is a sound change.

If there is a sound change, the words are written together. If there isn't a sound change, the words are written separately.

• 22.Büyük Harflerin Kullanıldığı Yerler (Capitalization) [1:36:25]

Sentence beginnings, proper nouns, and titles.

• 23.Sayıların Yazılışı (Writing of Numbers) [1:55:03]

Numbers can be written with letters or numerals.

Hours and minutes use a single period.

💡 Important Insights

• • [0:03:10] Pay attention to the "tek heceli Türkçe sözcükler" (one-syllable Turkish words) regarding ünsüz yumuşaması; it may not occur.
• • [0:04:06] Note the "yabancı kökenli bazı sözcükler" (foreign-origin words) regarding ünsüz yumuşaması; it may not occur.
• • [0:04:47] Be aware of the exceptions to ünsüz yumuşaması in proper names.
• • [0:07:08] Be mindful of words ending in "log" from foreign languages, as they do not follow the rules of ünsüz yumuşaması.
• • [0:08:17] Fıstıkçı Şahap rule (f, s, t, k, ç, ş, h, p) to recognize ünsüz sertleşmesi.
• • [0:10:27] The "gil" suffix and geometric terms do not adhere to the ünsüz sertleşmesi rule.
• • [0:12:23] K ünsüzü düşmesi (k consonant dropping) occurs with the "-cık" or "-cik" and "-l" suffixes.
• • [0:14:01] The "L yapım eki" (L suffix) causes the loss of the "k" from words.
• • [0:14:30] The "iş" yapım eki (iş suffix) and then the "cık" suffix results in the loss of the "ş" sound.
• • [0:14:56] The "d" sound drops only in the word "adaş".
• • [0:15:23] The "k" drops when "kaldırmak" (to remove) is formed from "kalkmak" (to stand up).
• • [0:15:58] U ünlüsü is used in "uykuzuluk" (sleeplessness), and the u drops.
• • [0:16:08] Check for ünlü düşmesi (vowel dropping) where "u" is lost.
• • [0:17:53] Be aware that vowel dropping doesn't occur in the ikilemeler (reduplications)
• • [0:19:31] Be careful of words that drop vowels when creating new words from them.
• • [0:20:04] Ünlü türemesi (vowel creation) occurs when the "-cık" suffix is added to a one-syllable word, or in certain words.
• • [0:20:30] When helping verbs are used a vowel is removed
• • [0:22:02] Ünlü türemesi (vowel creation) occurs when the "-cık" suffix is added to a one-syllable word, or in certain words.
• • [0:23:00] Know about the specific combinations of "sır sıklam" and "çırıl çıplak" where sounds are created.
• • [0:23:26] Be aware of the kaynaştırma (joining consonant) rule.
• • [0:23:38] Keep in mind that in ünlü daralması (vowel narrowing), "deyip" and "deyince" are written with an "e".
• • [0:27:31] "Deyince, yiyecek, diyecek", are examples of when the "e" is narrowed to "i".
• • [0:29:27] Be cautious of "diyecek, yiyecek, and niye,", which should have vowel narrowing.
• • [0:30:04] Famous pronouns ben and sen turn into bana and sana.
• • [0:31:09] Be attentive to the dudak ünsüzü benzeşmesi (lip consonant assimilation) rule.
• • [0:31:58] Be aware of the ünsüz türemesi (consonant creation) rule.
• • [0:33:59] Be aware that ses göçüşmesi (sound migration) is a writing error.
• • [0:34:58] Remember the rule of ulama (linking).
• • [0:37:43] Understand the use of ki and how to determine whether it's a conjunction or a modifier.
• • [0:38:55] Be aware of how the bağlaç olan "ki" is used and how it can be identified in a sentence.
• • [0:41:48] Be aware of the use of the "da/de" and how it is used with the correct emphasis.
• • [0:42:57] Understand the use of the question particle.
• • [0:44:20] Remember the rules for ikilemeler (reduplications).
• • [0:56:05] Know the rules for pekiştirmeli sözler (intensifiers).
• • [0:56:40] Learn how to write alıntı kelimeler (borrowed words) correctly.
• • [0:59:02] Understand the rules for kısaltmaların yazılışı (abbreviations).
• • [1:02:01] Be able to apply the correct rules for birleşik kelimelerin yazılışı (compound words).
• • [1:18:00] Be aware of the use of the "al- üst- üzeri" and how it applies to the somut and soyut.
• • [1:20:04] Know the use of the "alt- üst- ana, ön, art, arka, yan, karşı, iç, dış, orta, büyük, küçük, sağ, sol, peşin" and how it applies to the somut and soyut.
• • [1:23:45] Understand the rules for kısaltmalar (abbreviations).
• • [1:36:25] Be able to apply the rules for büyük harflerin kullanıldığı yerler (capitalization).
• • [1:55:03] Understand the rules for sayıların yazılışı (writing of numbers).

📖 Notable Examples & Stories

• • [0:01:04] Emek Abi explains ünsüz yumuşaması, using the example of "öğüt" (advice) becoming "öğüdü" (his/her advice).
• • [0:02:21] The example of "sarkaç" (pendulum) becoming "sarkacı" (the pendulum).
• • [0:02:53] Using "soğuk" (cold) becoming "soğuğa" (to the cold).
• • [0:03:15] Using "kebap" (kebab) becoming "kebabın" (of the kebab).
• • [0:03:34] Using "alt" (under), "6" (6), "göçe" (migration), "oku" (read) and "koçum" (my ram) to explain the one syllable rule.
• • [0:04:06] Using "merakım" (my curiosity), "sanatı" (the art), and "şiddete" (violence).
• • [0:04:23] Using "Hukuk" (law) and "Ahlak" (moral) as examples of when ünsüz yumuşaması does not occur.
• • [0:04:47] Using "Meriç" (name), "Tokat" (name), "Karabük" (name) as examples of when ünsüz yumuşaması does not occur.
• • [0:05:17] Using "kazağın" (sweater).
• • [0:05:45] Using "yaptığı" (did).
• • [0:06:05] Using "Kapkaçılar" (thieves).
• • **[0:06:28