💻 Code & Commands Extraction

📝 Code Snippets

Ruby - Binary Conversion [08:41]

```ruby 0b1010110 ```

What this does: Converts a binary number (1010110) to its decimal equivalent. Context: Demonstrating how to represent a bit vector as a decimal integer. Notes: The `0b` prefix indicates a binary number in Ruby.

---

Ruby - Binary Conversion [08:43]

```ruby 0b1010 ```

What this does: Converts a binary number (1010) to its decimal equivalent. Context: Demonstrating how to represent a bit vector as a decimal integer. Notes: The `0b` prefix indicates a binary number in Ruby.

---

Rust - Bit Vector Implementation (Conceptual) [26:01]

```rust // Assuming a bit vector structure struct BitVector { data: Vec, // Array of 32-bit integers range: usize, // Range of bits }

// Method to get a specific bit impl BitVector { fn get_bit(&self, index: usize) -> bool { // calculate the word index let word_index = index / 32; // calculate the bit offset within the word let bit_offset = index % 32;

// Check if the index is within the range if index >= self.range { return false; // Or handle the out-of-bounds case as needed }

// Get the word let word = self.data[word_index];

// Use a mask to isolate the bit (word >> bit_offset) & 1 == 1 }

fn set_bit(&mut self, index: usize) { let word_index = index / 32; let bit_offset = index % 32;

// Check if the index is within the range if index >= self.range { // Handle out-of-bounds as needed return; }

// Set the bit using a mask self.data[word_index] |= 1 << bit_offset; }

fn clear_bit(&mut self, index: usize) { let word_index = index / 32; let bit_offset = index % 32;

// Check if the index is within the range if index >= self.range { // Handle out-of-bounds as needed return; }

// Clear the bit using a mask self.data[word_index] &= !(1 << bit_offset); }

fn toggle_bit(&mut self, index: usize) { let word_index = index / 32; let bit_offset = index % 32;

// Check if the index is within the range if index >= self.range { // Handle out-of-bounds as needed return; }

// Toggle the bit using XOR self.data[word_index] ^= 1 << bit_offset; }

}

```

What this does: Provides a conceptual Rust implementation of a bit vector, including methods to retrieve, set, clear, and toggle individual bits. Context: Demonstrating the implementation of a bit vector data structure. Notes: This is a simplified example. Real-world implementations might include optimizations and error handling. Requires the `data` to be initialized to appropriate size.

---

🖥️ Terminal Commands

Ruby - Binary Conversion [08:41]

```bash irb ```

What it does: Starts the interactive Ruby interpreter (IRB). Prerequisites: Ruby must be installed. Expected output: The IRB prompt (`>>`). Troubleshooting: If Ruby isn't installed, you'll get a "command not found" error.

---

💻 Code & Commands Extraction

📝 Code Snippets

Rust - Addition with bitwise operations (conceptual) [17:45]

```rust // S1 = 5 XOR 1 // C1 = (5 & 1) << 1 ```

What this does: Represents the first step of bitwise addition. Context: Explaining how to perform addition using XOR, AND and left shift. Notes: This demonstrates the XOR operation to calculate the sum and the AND with left shift to calculate the carry.

---

Rust - Addition with bitwise operations (conceptual) [18:35]

```rust // S2 = S1 XOR C1 // C2 = (S1 & C1) << 1 ```

What this does: Represents the second step of bitwise addition. Context: Continuing the explanation of addition using XOR, AND and left shift. Notes: The process repeats until the carry is zero.

---

📦 Dependencies & Packages

Installation Commands [26:36]

No explicit installation commands for packages were mentioned in the video, but it can be assumed that the bit vector implementation is based on Rust.

Package List: | Package | Version | Purpose | Timestamp | |---------|---------|---------|-----------| | Rust | Latest | Programming language for bit vector implementation | [26:01] |

---

📚 Quick Reference Card

Most used commands:

• 1.`0b1010110` - Convert binary to decimal in Ruby
• 2.`0b1010` - Convert binary to decimal in Ruby

Common patterns: ``` // Pattern 1: Addition without the '+' operator S = A XOR B; // Sum C = (A & B) << 1; // Carry // Repeat: S = S XOR C; C = (S & C) << 1; // Repeat until C equals 0, S is the result

// Pattern 2: Bitwise operations mask = 1 << index; // Creates a mask to check or set a bit at given index result = number & mask; // Check the bit number |= mask; // Set the bit number &= !mask; // Clear the bit number ^= mask; // Toggle the bit ```

---

⚠️ Important Notes

• • [09:30] The problem with using decimal values to represent the bit vector is that integers have a size, such as 32 bits, which limits the number of bits that can be represented in a single integer "word."
• • [28:00] The video explains that using a bit vector is good for dense sets, whereas a mapping is better for sparse sets.